What Are the Different Types of Abortion?

Abortion is one option some women consider during an unexpected pregnancy, but it’s not a decision to take lightly. All types come with physical, emotional, and mental health effects.

It’s vital to understand the different procedures and what they involve before making a decision. Taking time to learn the facts can help you feel more informed about your health and future.

If you haven’t had an ultrasound yet to confirm your pregnancy, schedule a free and confidential appointment at Ascend Women’s Center in Asheville, NC.

Medical Abortion (The Abortion Pill)

Medical abortion, often called the abortion pill, is FDA-approved through the first 10 weeks of pregnancy. It involves two drugs:

• Mifepristone, which blocks progesterone, a hormone that supports pregnancy. Without enough progesterone, the pregnancy can’t survive and won’t continue.
  
• Misoprostol, taken 24–48 hours later, causes the uterus to contract and expel the pregnancy through vaginal bleeding and cramping.
  

Vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping are guaranteed with a medical abortion because it’s how it works. The other side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, or chills. The risks include incomplete abortion, infection, heavy bleeding, fever, and digestive system discomfort.

Surgical Abortion

Surgical abortion can be performed at any time in pregnancy (subject to state laws), but it is more common later in pregnancy because it’s more expensive and invasive than the abortion pill. 

During this procedure, the cervix is dilated with drugs or instruments, and suction or surgical tools are used to remove the pregnancy from the uterus. This procedure is typically completed in a clinic or hospital setting with local anesthesia or sedation.

The side effects may include light bleeding or cramping for a few days. Risks can include infection, uterine perforation, cervical injury, or scar tissue formation inside the uterus, which can impact future fertility.

It’s Your Choice

Both medical and surgical abortion end a pregnancy by emptying the uterus, but they come with different procedures, risks, and recovery times. 

An ultrasound is important before making any pregnancy decision. It confirms how far along you are, rules out miscarriage, and can detect complications such as ectopic pregnancy.

At Ascend Women’s Center, we provide free pregnancy testing, limited ultrasounds, and a safe space to talk through your options. Schedule your free appointment today to get the clarity and support you need.

FAQs

How do I know my available abortion options?

Option availability depends on how far along you are and the specifics of your health (allergies, conditions like anemia, disorders, etc.). An ultrasound and talking with a healthcare provider are the best ways to determine what options may apply to you.

Can I have an abortion with an STD?

Having an untreated STD can increase your risk of infection after an abortion. It’s important to be tested and treated beforehand. We provide STI testing.

Why is an ultrasound important before abortion?

An ultrasound confirms gestational age (how far along you are) and pregnancy location, and can detect complications like ectopic pregnancy that abortion procedures cannot resolve.